What Is DNA?
The molecule is famous. The idea is easier than the vocabulary.
DNA is the long molecule that stores biological information. A useful mental picture is a library, although even that comparison has limits: DNA is not a shelf of finished instructions so much as a sequence that cells interpret through a highly regulated system.
The chemical alphabet is small. DNA uses four bases (adenine, thymine, cytosine, and guanine), and the sequence of those bases carries information.